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Care directed to the refinement of life

  • 1 cultus

    1.
    cultus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from 1. colo.
    2.
    cultus, ūs, m. [1. colo].
    I.
    Prop., a laboring at, labor, care, cultivation, culture (rare):

    quod est tam asperum saxetum, in quo agricolarum cultus non elaboret?

    Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66:

    agricolae,

    id. Leg. 1, 1, 1:

    agrorum,

    Liv. 4, 12, 7; Quint. prooem. § 26; cf. id. 8, 3, 75:

    (oves) neque sustentari neque ullum fructum edere ex se sine cultu hominum et curatione possent,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158; cf.:

    cultus et curatio corporis,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 94:

    omnis cultus fructusque Cereris in iis locis interisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 114.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen. (also rare), training, education, culture:

    malo cultu corruptus,

    Cic. Part. Or. 26, 91:

    animi,

    mental discipline, id. Fin. 5, 19, 54; cf.:

    recti cultus pectora roborant,

    Hor. C. 4, 4, 34; id. Ep. 2, 2, 123:

    litterarum,

    Just. 9, 8, 18; Gell. 14, 6, 1:

    quos (barbaros reges) nulla eruditio, nullus litterarum cultus imbuerat,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 17, 1:

    quid tam dignum cultu atque labore ducamus (sc. quam vocem)?

    Quint. 2, 16, 17.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    An honoring, reverence, adoration, veneration:

    philosophia nos primum ad deorum cultum erudivit,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64; id. Inv. 2, 53, 161; Ov. M. 2, 425:

    exquisitus religionis cultus,

    Val. Max. 5, 2, 1; 4, 4, 4.— In plur.:

    justis ac piis,

    Lact. 4, 3:

    de adventu regis et cultu sui,

    Tac. A. 2, 58.— Far more freq. and class. in prose and poetry,
    2.
    Care directed to the refinement of life (opp. to a state of nature), i. e. arrangements for living, style, manner of life, culture, cultivation, elegance, polish, civilization, refinement, etc.:

    homines a ferā agrestique vitā ad humanum cultum civilemque deducere,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 33; cf.: eadem mediocritas ad omnem usum cultumque vitae transferenda est. id. Off. 1, 39, 140: [p. 489] (Belgae) a cultu atque humanitate provinciae longissime absunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 31; Verg. A. 5, 730; and in plur.:

    cultusque artesque virorum,

    Ov. M. 7, 58:

    liberalis,

    Liv. 45, 28, 11:

    humilis,

    id. 1, 39, 3:

    agrestis et rusticus,

    id. 7, 4, 6; cf.

    feri,

    Hor. C. 1, 10, 2:

    multas (artes) ad animorum corporumque cultum... invexit,

    Liv. 39, 8, 3:

    regio victu atque cultu aetatem agere,

    Sall. C. 37, 6;

    so with victus,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 3, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 24; Nep. Alcib. 11, 4 al.; cf. of improvement, cultivation of mind:

    animi cultus ille erat ei quasi quidam humanitatis cibus,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 54:

    non mores patrios solum, sed etiam cultum vestitumque mutavit,

    Nep. Paus. 3, 1. —In a bad sense, luxury, voluptuousness, wantonness:

    libido stupri, ganeae ceterique cultūs non minor incesserat,

    sensual indulgences, Sall. C. 13, 3; cf.:

    cultus ac desidia imperatoris,

    Liv. 29, 21, 13.—
    b.
    Transf., of ornaments of style:

    in verbis effusiorem, ut ipsi vocant, cultum adfectaverunt,

    Quint. 3, 8, 58; so id. 2, 5, 23; 10, 1, 124 al.—
    3.
    Style of dress, external appearance, clothing, dress, garb, apparel, attire; esp. ornament, decoration, splendid dress, splendor (so most freq.):

    aequato omnium cultu,

    Liv. 34, 4, 12:

    pastoralis,

    Vell. 1, 2:

    quam maxime miserabilis,

    Sall. J. 33, 1; Tert. Hab. Mul. 3:

    regius,

    Nep. Dat. 3, 1:

    militaris,

    Liv. 29, 19, 11:

    incinctus Gabino cultu,

    id. 10, 7, 3:

    justo mundior,

    id. 8, 15, 7:

    amoenior,

    id. 4, 44, 11 et saep.; Vell. 2, 40; Quint. 8, prooem. § 20; Suet. Caes. 44 et saep.; Hor. C. 1, 8, 16; 4, 9, 15; Ov. M. 3, 609 et saep.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cultus

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